I had the same problem, no water flow after replacing the filter. Tracked my problem down. The supply line I used has an "anti flood valve" built into it. The little bit of water hammer after the filter change caused it to active. The solution- unhook the water supply at the shut off valve (which resets the valve) then reconnect it. Problem solved. I now have water!
I suspect most new refrigerators have some form of similar protection. Hope this helps those that have this problem in the future!