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はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド

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  1. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド, はじめに: paso 1, imagen 1 de 1
    • まず、スルーホールはんだパッドで回路基板に固定された大型部品をはんだ付けしましょう。

    • 既に2つのはんだパッドからコンデンサが取り外されています。コンデンサを基板から引っ張りながら、それぞれのパッドを加熱しました。

    • はんだホールがはんだで完全に覆われていることに注意します。これらのホールを開け、コンデンサの足を押し込んで通せるようにすると、取り付けがかなり簡単になります。

    This is for "Introduction" but didn't see how to comment there.

    Says "newer generations" have soldered batteries but there's no reference as to when this was written so that's not very meaningful. Request clarification.

    Joe - Contestar

    加熱してハンダが融けたことを確認してから、部品をゆっくり引き上げて外してください。

    n s - Contestar

    Are we to assume that “ESD” stands for “ElectroStatic Discharge?” Keep in mind that newbies (like me) don’t commonly see or use these abbreviations.

    ronherrmann - Contestar

    That is correct! I’ll adjust the introduction to clarify that.

    Arthur Shi -

  2. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 2, imagen 1 de 2 はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 2, imagen 2 de 2
    • はんだで塞がっているホールを開けるには、はんだごての先端ではんだパッドを加熱します。裏側からホッチキスや裁縫針を押し込んで、溶けたはんだに通します。

    • 当サイトの場合では、直角のピックを使用することにしました。鉛はんだはスチールに付着しないため、細いスチールなら問題ありません。

    • ツールをホールに押し込んで貫通させるには、数回パッドを加熱しなければならない場合があります。経験から言うと、はんだがちょうど溶けるまで加熱して、次にパッドからはんだごての先端を離すといいでしょう。加熱しすぎると、電子部品が損傷します。

    Why not use a simple pump-action desoldering tool which can be obtained cheaply from ebay?

    Chris Jackson - Contestar

    They are not as easy to use especially for beginners.

    Mike Gross - Contestar

    Desoldering wire is much better and also much easyier to use for beginners

    Giuseppe R - Contestar

    ¿plomo? lleva prohibido años, espero que sea estaño. 8(

    Ignacio Bilbao Zenitagoya - Contestar

    For god’s sake buy a cheap solder sucker. They are trivial to use. This is a tutorial after all. It’s certainly easier to use a solder sucker than to make a clean solder joint.

    Pro tip here - if you are having a hard time taking out solder, USE MORE SOLDER. Yes, it sounds counter-intuitive, but I’ve found that adding a dash of new solder to the troublesome blob you’re working on really helps get out stubborn old solder. Works even better with a solder sucker!

    J. A. Gonzalez - Contestar

    こういう説明が必要な方は、基板のパターンを壊してしまう前にソルダーサッカーやソルダーウイックを使ってください。

    コテ先の操作だけでホールを修正できるのは手慣れた人だけです。

    n s - Contestar

    i would use some flux and then some solder wick. flux makes like easy with soldering!

    Logixal - Contestar

    Absolutely get some liquid flux involved here. Flux prevents the hot solder from oxidizing and keeps the liquid metal flowing - either into solder wick or a vacuum sucker.

    Sonar Tech - Contestar

    reccomended tempature?

    Travis Gann - Contestar

    Usually around 300 - 350° C gets the work done.

    Daniele Carminati -

    good god thank you. finally someone asked & answered. a tutorial for this kind of extremely difficult, heat sensitive work - yet no mention of a safe, recommended temperature.

    these tutorials are for beginners after all , aren’t they?

    lexxrossini -

  3. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 3, imagen 1 de 2 はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 3, imagen 2 de 2
    • ツールが完全にホールを貫通したら、ツールを押し込みながら、はんだパッドの上側を加熱してホールを広げます。

    • これで部品のむき出しのリードを挿入するのに十分な程度に、両側のはんだホールが開きました。

    Using a solder sucker will make it a lot safer to the board/copper traces than using a needle or paper clip to clear the hole.

    J. Goodenough - Contestar

    Yes, please use a solder sucker, or even solder wick.

    If you don’t have some flux laying around, add a tiny bit of new solder if the old solder is being stubborn and not going away. Sounds odd adding more solder to remove solder, but it works!

    J. A. Gonzalez - Contestar

    Yikes. This is a horrible step. It risks tearing the pad and the via, and it also stretches the FR4 which would create microfractures in the internal layers. Use a lead that the same size or smaller than the hole if you absolutely have to clear it like this. Jamming a scribe into the hole is no bueno!

    Sonar Tech - Contestar

  4. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 4, imagen 1 de 1
    • 部品の端子から余分なはんだを完全に除去して、はんだ付けを行う準備をします。端子は、はんだパッドのホールを通過できる程度にきれいにしておく必要があります。

    • はんだごての先端を、それぞれの端子の長手方向になぞらせて、はんだを部品から除去します。1回なぞるごとに、湿ったスポンジに押し当ててぬぐい、はんだごての先端の汚れを取ります。

    • 加熱しすぎると部品が損傷するため、長時間はんだごてを部品に当てないでください。

    Don’t use a moist sponge if you can avoid it. Water from a moist sponge will get into your tip’s micro-fractures and oxidize it rapidly. I’ve lost many tips to moist sponges.

    Use a cheap solder scour pad instead. They are made of copper, which is soft and will scrub solder away without damaging your tips. If you can’t afford a proper scour pad, make one yourself. Go to the dollar store and buy a copper wire scrubber for like 50 cents. I use the dollar store scrubbers to replace old worn out scour pads.

    J. A. Gonzalez - Contestar

    ADD LIQUID FLUX before doing this step. No mention of flux yet and we’re at Step 4? Maybe we need a guide for the guide!

    Sonar Tech - Contestar

  5. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 5, imagen 1 de 1
    • はんだパッドにできたホールに端子を挿し通します。

    • はんだ付けをやりやすくするため、ホールから突き出た端子を少し曲げて、正しい位置に固定します。

  6. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 6, imagen 1 de 3 はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 6, imagen 2 de 3 はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 6, imagen 3 de 3
    • それぞれの接点をはんだ付けするには、次の手順を行います。

    • はんだごての先端を、はんだパッドに押し当てます。

    • コンデンサのリードが、正しい位置にしっかりと固定される程度の量のはんだを溶かして、はんだパッドに流し込みます。

    • 十分な量のはんだがパッドに流れ込んだら、すぐにはんだとはんだごての先端を接点から離します。

    Using a little electronic soldering paste on both the components leads and board traces will eliminate the need for excessive heat build up, there by making a sound electronic connection.

    J. Goodenough - Contestar

    Not everyone has soldering paste handy unless they are going to do a lot of soldering.

    Mike Gross - Contestar

    Solder joint on the left is not good. Solder should be shiny and be shaped like the Atari logo.

    Solder joint on the right is very good, they should all look like that.

    J. A. Gonzalez - Contestar

    The lack of solder flux here is the reason these joints wouldn’t get anywhere close to being passed by QA. Add flux and try again.

    Sonar Tech - Contestar

  7. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド, 中難易度の作業ガイド: paso 7, imagen 1 de 1
    • 次は、中難易度のはんだ付けの応用を説明します。この場合では、かなり細くて繊細なリードを、小さなはんだパッドを使用した回路基板にはんだ付けします。

    • ワイヤなどの小型の電子部品は、大型部品ほど熱を消散させることができません。そのため、オーバーヒーティングがかなり発生しやすくなります。必ずはんだがちょうど溶ける程度に接点を加熱してください。

    • ピンセットでリードを引っ張りながら、基板の上側にある接合部を加熱して、リードをはんだパッドから取り外しました。

  8. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 8, imagen 1 de 2 はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 8, imagen 2 de 2
    • 基板のはんだパッドの中には、ホールがはんだで覆われているものがよくあります。このようなホールを開通させることで、はんだ付けが非常に簡単になります。

    • 塞がっている部分に真っ直ぐなホッチキスの針を押し付けながら、そのパッドを基板の裏側から加熱して、ホールを開通させます。

    • 3番目の手」となるツール(または友人)があれば、この手順はかなりやりやすくなります。

    Again, if you force any metal object through these holes you increase the chance of damaging circuit board traces on both sides of the board.

    J. Goodenough - Contestar

    Take a green or yellow injection needle. Make the solder hot and push the needle through the hole. Injection needles are made of stainless steel and are not liable to the solder.

    Nimm eine grüne oder gelbe Injektionsnadel. mach das Lot heiß und stoße die Nadel durch das Loch. Injektionsnadeln sind aus Edelstahl und haften nicht am Lot.

    Mike Kaleu - Contestar

  9. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 9, imagen 1 de 2 はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 9, imagen 2 de 2
    • すべてのホールからはんだを除去したら、むき出しになっているリードをピンセットで挿入します。

    • リードを正しい位置に固定するには、最初にバッテリーのリードを最終的な形状に曲げ、次に被覆を剥いだ端部をホールに挿入します。

  10. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 10, imagen 1 de 1
    • 各接点をはんだ付けするには、次の手順を実行します。

    • はんだごての先端をはんだパッドに押し当てます。

    • 端子のリードを正しい位置にしっかりと固定するのに十分なだけのはんだを、はんだパッドに溶かし込みます。

    • 十分な量のはんだがパッドに溶け込んだら、すぐにはんだとはんだごての両方を接点から離します。

    Add liquid flux to each pad before inserting the wires.

    Sonar Tech - Contestar

    Ok, you love liquid flux, we got it (i agree with you that flux is your best friend while soldering)

    Daniele Carminati -

  11. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド, 高難易度の作業ガイド: paso 11, imagen 1 de 1
    • 最後のセクションでは、バッテリーのリードを表面実装はんだパッドにはんだ付けします。このような種類の接合部は、はんだ付けの間にリードを正しい位置に固定するアンカーポイント(スルーホールなど)がないため、はんだ付けが難しくなります。

    • 接合部のはんだを除去するには、はんだ吸い取り線を既存のはんだボールの上に当て、はんだごてで押し付けます。

    • はんだが溶けて吸い取り線に染み込んだら、吸い取り線を接合部から離します。

    • 残りのリードにも同じ手順を繰り返します。

    • はんだ吸い取り線がはんだを吸い取れなくなったら、その部分をカットして捨てます。

    Könnte heiß werden an den Fingern

    Maik Nousch - Contestar

    flux flux flux its your friend! use it!

    Logixal - Contestar

    Halleluiah! Liquid flux in a needle bottle is almost as important as the solder itself. Also, you need to tin that soldering iron tip!

    Sonar Tech -

    Before desoldering, weld a little part of solder in de desolder cupper

    Repfreak - Contestar

  12. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 12, imagen 1 de 1
    • 柔らかい布もしくはスポンジ、歯ブラシと少量の消毒用アルコールを使用して、表面実装はんだパッドを清掃することをおすすめします。

    • 小さいはんだの玉を各はんだパッドに溶かすには、次の手順を実行します。

    • はんだごての先端をはんだパッドに当てます。

    • パッドの上にドームが形成されるように、はんだを溶かします。

    • 十分な量のはんだがパッドに溶け込んだら、すぐにはんだパッドからはんだとはんだごてを離します。

    Using a solder wick requires using too much heat and will damage your surface mount component

    J. Goodenough - Contestar

    But what do you use instead?

    arno -

    …or a vacuum removal tool. Ceramic caps are absolutely notorious for cracking when overheated. Cracks=shorts in MLCC.

    Sonar Tech - Contestar

    MLCC stands for ? Sorry, I’m french

    Gilles Guérin - Contestar

    Bonjour Gilles, voilà l'équivalent en français "condensateurs céramiques multicouches"

    Claire Miesch -

  13. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 13, imagen 1 de 1
    • はんだの玉はドームまたは半球のような外観となります。平坦だったり、ギザギザになっている場合は、はんだに再度はんだごてを当てて溶かしてから、はんだごてを離します。うまく行かない場合は、少量のはんだの付け足しが必要となることがあります。

    Better still, apply some flux and touch it with the soldering iron and it will then flow properly.

    Chris Jackson - Contestar

  14. はんだ付けとはんだ除去の作業ガイド: paso 14, imagen 1 de 1
    • 新しいリードを基板にはんだ付けするには、対応するはんだパッドのはんだの玉に、被覆が剥がれているリードを当てます。

    • はんだごての先端を、はんだの玉に押し当てて溶かします。

    • 露出したリードの端部を液体化したはんだに差し込み、はんだの玉の中心までスライドさせてから、はんだごてを離します。

    • 隣接する2つのパッドをはんだで接続してしまわないように、慎重に他の接点にも同じ方法で作業を行います。

    The pronunciation of soldering - the whole rest of the world apart from the USA pronounces it like it is spelt - with a hard “l”. That weird pronunciation goes with all the non SI units, and using volume measurements to cook recipes - I can go on……

    markradnor - Contestar

Conclusión

デバイスを組み立てる際は、これらの手順を逆に実行してください。

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36 comentarios

This is a great guide with awesome clarifying pictures.

Thanks!

Martin - Contestar

TIP: Another method which works well for clearing solder from holes (especially on repairs like AC Jacks on laptops) is to use compressed air to clear melted solder from holes. A quick blast with a duster can works well (I have even used a drink straw in a pinch and blown out with a blast of air from mouth). Heat the solder until it liquefies, put the duster straw right above the solder and quickly hit the melted solder with an air blast to instantly clear the hole of solder. This works well on very small holes as melted solder does not always push out cleanly with metal tools. You have to be quick with the air blast because the solder re-hardens rapidly.

GURUmicro - Contestar

just be careful doing this lol, flying molten solder can and will burn you or other components.

Logixal -

Flying solder might also get into places you don't want it. Making shorts and other unwanted connections of which you don't know where they are, so it can give you a very hard time finding them.

Hens Baltesen -

This is not IPC standards but for the ghetto approach, it will get the job done. I solder in manufacture settings, run my own shop. This is wrong to a degree but will do. If ifixit would like tips from ILLFIXIT then your more then welcome!

Tony Stark - Contestar

yeaaaa….. i was going to say something along these lines lol. itll get the job done but its by no means the right \ best way to do the job.

Logixal -

A very good guide to soldering.

I have never soldered anything (I'm a girl you see), but your clear and detailed guidance inspired me to give it a go.

I was well prepared in advance-it could be difficult-and that helped a lot.

I have now got a new battery soldered into my Palm TX and I'm as happy as Larry (or Lorraine in this case)..

geeklynews - Contestar

Go Gurl! I'm a gurl, too. I worked in my dad's machine shop for 13+ years. I hit the ground running. Programmed, set up, and fixtured, retro-fitted CNC Mills, using SurfCam and G Code programming. We used Master Cam for the wire EDM. My fave was running a standard lathe. I guess I enjoy cylindrical objects. We held tolerances of .005+/- .001, all the way down to .0003+/-.0002. That…is very microscopic. lol

…add to that, Public Relations, Inventory, Inspector, Fixing Crashed tools, Shipping, Document Control, and so on. All I know is, if it needs to be done, it can be done, if your sharp. And, sometimes we gurls, have a different “feel” for delicate or fine work, as compared to some of the guys. There is nothing we cannot do, as well as anyone else, if we want to, and are willing to learn, and practice. I'm ready to try a little delicate connecting, myself.

Happy Trails and Tablets,

PoniGurll, or

DIY Gurll, otherwise, it won't get done!!

cherihashorses -

Using a solder wick braid is a good thing to do every time you are trying to remove solder from the thru-hole and pad. This is because after you use the solder wick you have a clean hole and a clean pad with just a slight film of solder on it and you have a nice open workspace without any old solder in there. Old solder doesn't have solder flux anymore -it's burned off-and won't "flow" around the component or wire leads and leaves an icy-looking "cold" solder joint, a dull grey glob of solder that is weak and doesn't conduct electricity very well. By wicking it off, the new solder, which does have solder flux, will be shiny, smooth, quite strong and conductive. I've been soldering since the early 70's and solder wick is a good friend if you use it right. No need for staples or picks, either.

Clarkness - Contestar

Also, to help the solder wick pickup the solder faster and to help clean the solder pad at the same time, put just a little flux on the wick before applying the iron to the wick, then wipe the area clean with some alcohol, works great.

C.Vos -

One more thing about having your solder iron on the pads for too long. If you get them too hot the pad will actually separate and lift up off the PC board, tearing the delicate copper trace, and the PC board will be useless.

Clarkness - Contestar

Perfect Illustrations, Thank you.

semi bariche - Contestar

I found this to be a clear and easy tutorial on how to solder to remove and install small electrical components. Excellent for beginners and useful for experts in teaching situations.

Allan Ryle - Contestar

another tip is if you do not have a soldering station and your iron gets too hot just unplug it and continue and never ever dunk your soldering iron in flux if it is excessively hot because it will take the conductive coating off the tip of your soldering iron. also dont dip touch the tip of your iron (while its off) because the oils from your hand can burn through the tip like the flux.

ps: this is from my personal experience and its just some things to look out for

Blair McLeod - Contestar

This is a good job thanks.

Ivette Carlier - Contestar

Nice post describing PCB Repair soldering with images. It is quite easy to understand also.

Solder Training - Contestar

What is the best diameter of solder to use on iPod Shuffle batteries? Lead-free? Please be very specific. Thanks much!

plantae13 - Contestar

Sooo just bought a soldering iron, never used one before in my life, re attaching wires to a little motherboard for a light switch and dimmer, this page literally just taught me exactly what i needed to know and success the first try! Thank so much! finally someone knows they’re stuff instead of me having to go through 30 different pages of nothing on google lol respect dude! keep it up!

mistynoel85 - Contestar

Great guide! It also helps to use a bit of flux on the points to aid with adhesion of new solder to the contact points, and to help with heat transfer from the solder tip onto the solder pad.

arfan_nazar - Contestar

I need to solder my wifi it came loose on my insignia tablet. All i need to know is where its located on mother board. Please guide me

Valerie Callahan - Contestar

Don’t forget to use plenty of flux!

pohlman357 - Contestar

I was quite surprised that flux wasn’t mentioned anywhere in this guide - and the pictures are proof that none was used.

Sonar Tech -

Really great photographs with excellent descriptions.

I believe any soldering procedure should start with selecting the right wattage soldering iron and tip for the task. Common small wattage soldering irons commonly used to solder small electronics are 15 to 45 Watts.

Second is tinning a new soldering iron tip. Tinning means the first time the tip is heated you melt solder onto the tip until solder sticks to the tip. Even if a tip is factory tinned you’ll want to tin it yourself. Solder needs to stick to a tip to correctly aid in the transfer of heat from the iron to the component.

Another (cheap) way to clean solder off connections is to use a squeeze bulb with a silicone tip. The squeeze bulb creates a vacuum when it is squeezed and the vacuum sucks the melted solder up into the bulb.

Jim Fogle - Contestar

“Appreciated” Marvellous photos /snaps also nicely & thoroughly explained. Bravo.

BBN - Contestar

Plug in the soldering iron. Wait for it to heat up… test by tapping solder on to the soldering iron tip. Having ‘tinned’ the soldering tip, apply the tip to the component leg and PCB. If the component leg is comparatively ‘thick’, apply more heat to the leg than the PCB. Tap the solder jointly on the component leg and the iron tip. If the component leg is at the right temperature, the solder will flow and make a sound electrical connection. If the component leg is not at the right temperature, the solder will melt on the iron tip and ‘drip’ onto the component not making a good connection.

I’d never do any soldering without a solder sucker e.g. https://www.amazon.co.uk/Draper-23553-De... but be careful when using it on delicate PCBs as the suck can lift circuit tracks where too much heat has been applied.

Davo - Contestar

I’m a little late with my comments but just had to brag about my younger days with Heathkits and other companies! I learned how to solder the hard way (without any instructions) and put together a B/W TV, a color TV, an AM/FM receiver and various other little projects. I understand Heathkit is coming back and encourage you younger people to enjoy the hobby of putting together their kits after doing these soldering lessons.

Mike Gross - Contestar

The girl is so proud of soldering her first new battery into herPalm TX and is probably not interested in retro-fitted CNC Mills and tolerances of .005+/- .001, all the way down to .0003+/-.0002 and so am i….

Thumbs up for geeklynews

arno - Contestar

Absolutely. I’ve worked alongside women in the US Navy. Most of them are very competent, excellent technicians. Like guys, though, you have your whiners and slackers. We are all the same.

Paul Hudson - Contestar

Some information in the top title area was misleading, as the iPod isn’t sold anymore (except for the touch with a soldered battery) and the iPhone has had a socketed battery since 2008. I fixed it in the latest unverified version.

DistroHopper39B - Contestar

Hello, thanks for this tutorial what kind of soldering wire, especially regarding the diameter, would you advise to use?

Bonjour, thanks for this tutoriel. Quel diamètre de fil à soudure préconiseriez-vous ?

Da Moun - Contestar

Bonjour! mon nappe de batterie de telephone est cassé au milieu et j’ai une idée de relié avec de fil , qu’est ce qu’on va faire?merçi

Tahiantsoa Rajaonarison - Contestar

and where/how do we post future questions ?

James Walker - Contestar

practice on eWaste first

Lindsay Alford - Contestar

Some mention in the article should include flux and flux removal.

pampanito - Contestar

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