Introducción
Hoy, vamos a donde ningún desmontaje de iPhone ha ido antes. Con la actualización a una pantalla táctil 3D Force novedosa, no podíamos quitar las manos de este panel frontal, así que profundizamos más.
Esta vez, estamos desglosando el ensamblaje de la pantalla Retina HD capa por capa para darte una idea de lo que hace que el hardware de este año sea tan único. Este desmontaje no contará con un puntuaje de reparabilidad: el proceso para desarmar y volver a armar una pantalla de teléfono inteligente fusionada es algo que es mejor dejar en manos de los profesionales y sus herramientas muy especializadas (y asombrosas).
Únete a todos nuestros esfuerzos técnicos siguiéndonos en Facebook, Instagram y [https://twitter .com/ifixit|Twitter].
Qué necesitas
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El iPhone 6s recién lanzado trajo algunas características nuevas a un paquete familiar. Siguiendo esta tendencia, la pantalla incluye algunos cambios y características integrales:
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3D Touch facilitado por una capa de sensor capacitivo
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Cubierta de vidrio plegable hecha por intercambio iónico dual
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Pantalla Retina HD de 4,7 pulgadas y 1334 × 750 píxeles (326 ppp)
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Digitalizador táctil integrado
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Primero en caer: el marco de montaje de plástico que contiene los clips que aseguran la pantalla al cuerpo del iPhone. (Intenta decir eso cinco veces rápido).
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Hoy, hemos decidido tomar la ruta escénica y quitar el marco de montaje de plástico en una sola pieza cortando alrededor del perímetro del ensamblaje.
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Después de un poco de corte, algo de calentamiento y mucha paciencia, logramos quitar el marco de montaje del panel frontal.
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Sin embargo, en el reciente desmontaje del iPhone 6s, descubrimos una nueva junta adhesiva que ayudaba a asegurar la pantalla al cuerpo. Esta junta también tiene el beneficio de mejorar la resistencia al agua en el nuevo iPhone.
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Con las cosas fáciles fuera del camino, nuestra operación continúa separando la luz de fondo y esta capa con respaldo de metal.
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La pantalla en realidad es tan delgada que se puede ver a través de ella: el mylar mantiene todo lo que está oculto debajo, bueno, oculto durante el uso normal.
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Cada uno de los rectángulos dorados en este panel posterior es una sola placa de un condensador de placas paralelas.
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Cada cuadro tiene un pequeño rastro (las áreas oscuras son en realidad autopistas de muchos rastros) que se remontan al chip de control. Cual...
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... Lo encontramos en la parte trasera del panel, probablemente. Este chip personalizado de Apple es responsable de manipular los condensadores, manteniéndolos cargados y midiendo los cambios en la corriente hacia y desde cada uno.
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Al presionar sobre el vidrio, el vidrio se dobla muy levemente en el punto de contacto, acortando la distancia entre su dedo y la placa del capacitor correspondiente en la matriz debajo de la pantalla. Esto registra un "empuje" en lugar de un "toque".
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El digitalizador "real" todavía está presente para el seguimiento de precisión, estas placas solo tienen que detectar una flexión en el vidrio, no donde ocurre.
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Una vez quitado el cristal, nos queda una pantalla LCD de aspecto bastante desordenado: quitar el cristal realmente ha hecho un número en la película polarizadora.
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Por suerte para nosotros, la gente de STS Parts trajo su guillotina (también conocida como máquina removedora de polarizador) que lo raspa como goma de mascar de un zapato.
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Primero, la luz de fondo dispara la luz a través de una fina capa de cristales líquidos. A medida que la luz pasa, se refleja en diferentes ángulos por la orientación de los cristales.
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El ángulo de reflexión determina el color de la luz que vemos. Para cambiar el ángulo (y, por extensión, el color), el hardware de la pantalla debe aplicar un voltaje a través de los cristales líquidos para cambiar su orientación.
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Para producir una amplia gama de colores, cada píxel se divide en tres subpíxeles: rojo, verde y azul.
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Se utilizan voltajes separados para ajustar la intensidad de cada subpíxel que, cuando se combinan, pueden crear millones de colores diferentes.
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Bueno, está bien, dices, todo este asunto de los píxeles y el voltaje es genial, pero ¿dónde entra en juego la película polarizadora?
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La película polarizadora es lo que lo une todo. Actúa como un filtro que solo deja pasar la combinación correcta de colores para crear todas las imágenes bonitas en su teléfono. ¡Gracias, película polarizadora!
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Lo último en salir de la pantalla es la retroiluminación LED con borde iluminado, un tipo común de retroiluminación que se encuentra en los teléfonos inteligentes.
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Como se mencionó anteriormente, la capa reflectante de mylar era anteriormente una de las capas de la luz de fondo.
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En esta iteración del iPhone, la capa de mylar ahora tiene dos propósitos; el nuevo uso, para ocultar los sensores táctiles 3D de la vista, y el uso tradicional, para reflejar la luz difusa hacia el exterior en lugar de desperdiciar luz en el interior del iPhone.
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Las ocho capas (supervivientes) de la pantalla del iPhone 6s están dispuestas para tu placer visual.
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Este desmontaje fue todo un esfuerzo; definitivamente no recomendamos que intentes esto en casa sin las herramientas y la experiencia adecuadas.
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Hablando de herramientas y experiencia, ¡un gran reconocimiento a Israel de parte de STS Parts por ofrecer el equipo y la experiencia que hicieron posible este desmontaje!
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Un agradecimiento especial a estos traductores:
100%
¡ Francisco Javier Saiz Esteban nos está ayudando a reparar el mundo! ¿Quieres contribuir?
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31 comentarios
This an amazing display. Are any other displays you've taken apart this complicated? I don't see a teardown number for the display. Do you see any repair shop, including Apple, even trying to perform a component replacement of the display or will it simply be replaced in its entirety?
Typically repair shops (including Apple) have always just swapped out the screens. However as the LCDs get more complicated and the price goes up on these repairers are turning towards more economical methods like screen refurbishment. A lot of times the cost of a glass-only repair vs a full display assembly is less than half! But it's a lot more complicated, as evidenced.
No phone has this many layers in the screen. The 5-6 had the glass, polarizer, then LCD, then the backlight. This has a lot more parts now, its not complicated if you know what goes where, but you need to assemble the pieces in the right order for the screen to be flawless.
Repair shops can replace just the glass if they have the right tools (what is shown above and more). At the Apple store, Apple will continue to replace the screens as a whole assembly, and send the broken screens back to where it is that Apple refurbishes them out (probably China). Apple will separate the screen and replace anything that it feels is necessary and then send it back to be used for another screen replacement.
Alec -
We actually went back and ripped up an iPhone 5s Screen for comparison and research; it turned out it was very similar to this (minus the 3D Touch Sensors and the mylar being part of the backlight). The only other teardown we've done specifically on a device's screen was for the Retina MacBook Pro.
I can't be sure about Apple's policy on screen replacement, though I assume to maintain good success rates for repairs and turnaround times they'll just replace the screen assembly. Independent repair shops are another story; depending on their experience level and access to the necessary tools and parts, it is totally possible to perform. Ultimately it seems a bit more time consuming for something that is usually a 10-20 minute part swap. On top of all this, the people who provide parts will almost always provide displays in their entirety instead of layer by layer.
I think this will be a refurbisher only kind of procedure.
Awesome breakdown! However I'm getting dust under my display. I've had apple look at it 3 times now and they can't figure it out so I got a new phone. Is there anything that could point to a cause for dust to form under the screen near the cell carrier?
Dylan, if this is due to screen being refurbished keep in mind the "assembling" of the screen in the refurbishing process is done in a clean dust free environment.
Israel -
Seems unlikely. The glass is glued to the LCD assembly, and there are no gaps where dust could get under anything. I've heard of people replacing the glass without reglueing it, which could allow dust in. But I'm not sure how dust would get in the phone in the first place.
Greg M -
So am I to understand that the backlight is not soldered on as it is in previous models? It just comes off with the 3d touch module?
The backlight power flex is still soldered to the flex cable like other models. The only difference is that the force touch is part of the backlight.
Israel -
I have searched the internet and am currently having trouble finding a method to spot weld the speaker mesh tag with the LCD frame , as currently the Original Foxconn displays from China surprisingly do not have them. Any ideas anyone ?
What do you mean spot weld? The ear speaker mesh is glued around the ear speaker hole, you can purchase these individually.
Israel -
Use just a dot of B-7000 adhesive at each end. It has a pinpoint applicator that makes it easy to get just the right amount, in just the right place. You don't really need the glue, the speaker will hold it in place as you assemble it if you are careful. Also great for gluing the frame to the glass. (Some replacement frames come with glue already applied. Just heat with your LCD separates machine and it will melt enough to adhere.)
Greg M -
what is the at the top and over one? I need it to make SICK glasses.
where and how can i buy This particular machine in iran ? and how much is it in abroad?
Just Google it. There are a number of manufacturers. Some are available on eBay. There is a nice basic temperature controlled LCD Separator Machine for just $35. Expect to destroy a few LCD assemblies learning how to do it, so practice with some scrap displays.
Greg M -
Thanks for the teardown. You should correct step 10 though! You make it seem as if there is only (1) polarizer. This is not true. There are (2) polarizers. One is adhered to the back of the lcd panel and one adhered to the front. They are out of phase by 90 degrees. It is the voltages applied to the liquid crystals that affects the light that has already passed through the rear polarizer before it goes through the front polarizer. Thus, the lcd gives the ability to affect the amount/intensity of light that passes through the front polarizer.
If i have a new digitizer installed on my iphone 6s and the backlight only works sometimes. where should i start with troubleshooting? It worked for a few hours then stopped working for the most part. Only sometimes does it want to work. Hopefully you can point me in right direction as to where i should check on logic board or connection wise.
Thank you
Try resoldering the flex cable. Otherwise one of the flex PCBs is likely damaged.
Greg M -
Shame on iFixit to copy other peoples sites ideas and implement them in your own, you lack of ideas grabbers.
I'm not sure what you are referring to. This teardown was done in-house, with full cooperation and assistance from STS. All the photographs and text are original.
Hi, this is chris from germany.
I am very interested in a material a friend of mine found when tearing down a mobile phones screen. I saw it for five seconds and i cant tell which layer. It was a reflective layer, that was shining like diamond (awesome surreal colours) when crumpled up. If u could help me find out which layer that was, which name oder part number, i am superhappy. Thank you people of iFixit !!!
Chris
Do I have to change the 3d touch panel for change the backlight of the LCd?
may i change backlight independently of the 3d Touch?
thanks for answer.
Ok, so my backlight was not working and I purchased an aftermarket new backlight. I removed all the layers as in the above tear down but accidently removed that last very shiny layer which is heavily glued to the glass. What is this last layer called and could it be replaced?…
It sounds like maybe the mylar layer remained adhered. I do need to caution you that, as it says at the top of every teardown, “This teardown is not a repair guide. To repair your iPhone 6s, use our ++service manual++.” We don’t have repair guides for component disassembly, you can try looking at non-iFixit guides on the iPhone 6s device page, or ask an question on our Answers forum. Best of luck.
Good Day!
Hope you can help we with a Problem.
Due the Prozess of changing the glass, the black film on the lcd is damaged, more its completely removed. What function has this and can it be replaced? The polarizer is removed. Can i just replace the polarizer and ist done? Thank you very much, and i apologize my english!
Wow very nice. For those step i finally found out what in side my phone.
It’s great work for illustration view here. Many thanks to all your tries. Honestly I’m here to learn as a brand new comer!
